Working Memory

Working memory appears to develop later and at a slower pace than short-term memory. It is related to temporary activation of neurons in the brain allowing you to “hold in temporary memory” information that is needed for longer periods of time than short-term memory. For example, information that is needed for a wide range of cognitive tasks involved with reasoning, manipulation of information, decision-making and behaviors. For example, repeating numbers in the same order they were presented (e.g., a phone numbers) would be a short-term memory task, while repeating the numbers backwards would be a working memory task. Working memory can be impaired by alcohol abuse and by acute and chronic psychological stress. The bad news: the more stress in one's life the lower the efficiency of working memory in performing simple cognitive tasks. The good news: study participants who performed exercises that reduced the intrusion of negative thoughts showed an increase in their working memory capacity.

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