Brain imaging
has shown sleep loss disconnects the emotional control hub of the brain,
the amygdala, from the prefrontal cortex, the portion of the brain that
regulates the amygdala. Without oversight from the prefrontal cortex, amygdala
activity levels in response to perceived negative images were as much as 60
percent higher than levels in a rested brain. As they grow older, sleep is even
more critical. By 20 hours
without sleep, the brain’s reaction time is similar to that of a person with a
blood alcohol level of 0.08. Sleep deprivation for 24 hours results in
significant brain changes in areas responsible for judgment, impulse control,
attention, and visual association, and yet the human beings--who are sleep deprived--still think they are
functioning just fine
.
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