Intellectual Humility Described

Intellectual Humility can be described as the ability to recognize shortcomings or potential limitations in one’s own point of view. It involves a recognition that no one knows everything, nor does it assume that your current beliefs or level of knowledge is absolutely correct. Think of it as a virtual balance between overvaluing (intellectual arrogance) and undervaluing (intellectual diffidence) one’s beliefs. There seems to be some consensus that intellectual humility necessarily includes recognizing the limits of one’s knowledge and being aware of one’s fallibility. It may be the polar opposite from Dunning-Kruger Syndrome in which individuals believe they know everything about everything and are likely quite infallible.

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Intellectual Humility

Sometime in 2017 (I think) you shared some information about Intellectual Humility. I had never heard of it before and found it interesting and enlightening. Can you revisit this topic? Is there anything new?

Yes and yes. Intellectual humility is an interesting concept. Early brain-function research indicated that each brain only has its own opinion. Sometimes that is a unilateral view; sometimes it is a view that has been adopted from someone else. Early research on Intellectual humility prompted me to include these phrases in my vocabulary: “In my brain’s opinion,” or “My brain’s opinion is …” They were designed to express that no brain can “know” everything much less “know” what it knows with infallible accuracy. What a brain doesn’t even know it doesn’t know can be lethal. New research on this topic was released in 2022, which I am happy to share with you. It reinforces that these phrases are meant to reflect personal intellectual humility. 

Benefits of Resistant Starch

Are there benefits to a human microbiome by using Resistant Starch or Retrograde RS?

Resistant Starch and Retrograde RS feeds the good bacteria in the microbiome of the colon. Studies have shown that this, in turn: 

• Supports a healthier colon and microbiome
• Decreases blood insulin spikes after meals
• Decreases appetite
• Decreases inflammation
• Decreases fat storage in fat cells
• May help avoid colon cancer
• May increase metabolism
• May improve stress resistance
• May help achieve a more balanced gut microbiome,

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Sources of Resistant Starch

Can you give me examples of Resistant Starch?

I can do that. Here are some examples:  brown rice, beans, whole-grain bread and pasta, quinoa, cashews, lentils, plantains, green (unripe bananas), oats, potatoes, and raw seeds. There is also Retrograde RS, a type of resistant starch that is created when specific foods are cooked, cooled, and then eaten cold or reheated at low temperatures (less than 140^o F). According to Amy Nett, MD, examples include cooked and cooled parboiled rice, cooked and cooled potatoes, and cooked and cooled (soaked or sprouted) legumes. Both Bob’s Red Mill and Anthony’s have Resistant potato starch (not potato flour). A TBSP in a smoothie works well.

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Resistant Starch (RS)

My health coach recently told me that my “colon microbiome” would be much healthier if I regularly fed it “resistant starch.” Well, that went right over my head and subsequent explanations were even at a higher altitude. Can you help me understand what this is?

Resistant Starch (RS) is a complex carbohydrate that “resists” being digested in your stomach and small intestine. It passes straight through to your colon or large intestine. There it provides food for your trillions of “good” bacteria, part of your microbiome. In the colon, “good” bacteria help with digestion and also help to rein in “bad” bacteria. A type of prebiotic, Resistant Starch (RS) does not spike blood glucose or insulin after being eaten and provides fewer calories. According to NIH studies, RS reaches the colon intact where it is consumed by good bacteria. It not only decreases the blood glucose levels at the time it is eaten, blood glucose and insulin levels after a subsequent meal also rise less than would otherwise be expected. 

Differences in Approach to spiritual & physical modes

 

Do males and females approach spiritual and physical modes the same?

Males tend to relate to the world primarily through a physical mode (e.g., objects that are perceived through the five senses) or an intellectual mode (e.g., thinking, imagining, attitudes, viewpoint, inventing). Therefore, males tend to translate spiritual information either into a physical mode (e.g., building cathedrals, creating statues or art work, designing flags or icons or other symbolic objects) or into an intellectual mode (e.g., dogma, rituals, philosophy, doctrine, rules, regulations) as well. Typically, males assume that females also speak from a physical or intellectual mode, as well, even when they are discussing topics involving spiritual or religious concepts. Females can relate via physical or intellectual modes, but they can also respond through direct feeling states that are outside physical language and intellectual definition. They can experience a spiritual relationship with a Higher Power directly through emotions and feelings without having to translate it into either physical or intellectual modes. When females speak directly from a feelings mode, males may misread or misunderstand what the females are saying because, typically, males avoid venturing into the more nebulous realms of feelings.

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Prebiotics

Are prebiotics just an alternate spelling of probiotics? I’m a bit confused. If not, then what are prebiotics?

Good question. No, prebiotics is not a misspelling of probiotics. Prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates and fibers that feed healthy microorganisms in the colon or large intestines. There are healthy foods that naturally contain prebiotics. Typically, these include whole fruits, vegetables, beans, whole grains (e.g., wheat, oats, and barley), and resistant starch.

 

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