According to NIH, caffeine is the most widely used psychoactive substance in the world. In Western society, at least 80 per cent of the adult population consumes caffeine in amounts large enough to have an effect on the brain. It belongs to a class of drugs known as central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, designed to treat fatigue and drowsiness. Caffeine peaks in the blood anywhere from 15 minutes to 2 hours after ingestion. Caffeine is able to cross the Blood-Brain barrier—where it can alter brain function. The FDA recommends no more than 400 mg of caffeine per day per adult. Caffeine can interfere with sleep. It’s half-life is typically 5-6 hours. If you ingest 200 mg of caffeine at 2pm, 100 mg is still in your system at 7-8 pm. Oral contraceptives and pregnancy double the half-life. It is longer in children than in adults and may be up to 30 hours in a newborn. Caffeine taken after individuals have ingested alcohol does not sober them up or make them fit to drive. It may make them more alert temporarily, but it does not reverse the poor judgment and other effects associated with alcohol.
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